Biography of the Academician
Abatbay Dauletov — Doctor of Philology, Professor, Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Honoured Scientist of the Republic of Karakalpakstan.
Abatbay Dauletov was born on 20 September 1942 into a farming family in the village of Yabi in Khalkabad (the Chapaev collective farm), Kegeyli District, Republic of Karakalpakstan. The son of a cotton grower and war veteran, he became the first academician in the history of Karakalpak linguistics — the scholar who first measured, recorded and scientifically described the sounds of his native language using precise instrumental methods.
For almost half a century his life was bound up with Berdakh Karakalpak State University, where he served as deputy dean, head of department, dean, and chairman of the specialised dissertation council. Under his guidance a whole school of Karakalpak phoneticians grew up, and his textbooks still reveal the structure of their native language to schoolchildren and students today.
Biographical film
Biographical Film on Academician Abatbay Dauletov
This documentary film is dedicated to the life and scientific heritage of the prominent linguist, Academician Abatbay Dauletov.
Early Years: Born in the Kegeyli district, with an early passion for knowledge.
Scientific Activities: Postgraduate studies in Leningrad, defense of candidate and doctoral theses, election as an academician of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, and long-term academic leadership at Karakalpak State University.
Family and Legacy: A strong family foundation and an invaluable contribution to Karakalpak philology.
Timeline
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42
1942
Khalkabad
Birth
Born on 20 September in the village of Yabi in Khalkabad (Chapaev collective farm), Kegeyli District, into the farming family of Daulet Palymbetov — later a veteran of the Second World War and a renowned cotton-growing brigade leader.
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until 1959
School years
First teachers
Primary school, the Stakhanov seven-year school and the Khalkabad secondary boarding school. His first teachers were Elmurat Khojamuratov, Embergen Erimbetov, Khilal Muyatdinov, Atabay Doshetov and the folk bard (bakhsy) Genjebay Tileumuratov, who opened the boy’s eyes to the beauty of the living Karakalpak word.
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1959–1964
Nukus
Diploma with honours
Graduated with honours from the Faculty of History and Philology of the Karakalpak State Pedagogical Institute. His mentors were K. Berdimuratov, A. Esemuratov, D. Nasyrov, S. Akhmetov and Academician S. Kamalov.
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1967–1972
Kyiv, Leningrad
The Shcherba school of phonology
Two years of research training: first at the experimental phonetics laboratory of Kyiv State University under Prof. N. I. Totskaya, then at the world-famous Laboratory of Experimental Phonetics named after Academician L. V. Shcherba at Leningrad State University.
He studied under M. I. Matusevich, L. R. Zinder, L. V. Bondarko, L. A. Verbitskaya (later President of St Petersburg State University), Academician A. N. Kononov, A. M. Shcherbak and S. N. Ivanov.
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72
1972
Leningrad
Candidate of Philology
Defended the dissertation “Vocalism of the Modern Karakalpak Literary Language (an Experimental-Phonetic Study)”. In 1976 it was published as a monograph in Samarkand. From 1972 to 1978 he served as deputy dean.
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1978–1985
Berdakh KSU
Head of the Department of Karakalpak Linguistics
In 1979 his first university textbook, “Modern Karakalpak. Phonetics, Lexicology”, was published. In 1980/1982 he received the academic title of Associate Professor.
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1985–1996
11 years as dean
Dean
Dean of the Faculty of Foreign Languages and Dean of the Faculty of Philology at Berdakh Karakalpak State University. From 1992 to 1996 he also headed the Department of General Linguistics.
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92
1992–1993
Recognition
Professorship and the theory of vowel harmony
1992 — the title of Professor and the honorary title “Honoured Scientist of the Republic of Karakalpakstan”. 1993 — the fundamental monograph “Vowel Harmony in the Karakalpak Language” and the start of work on a Latin-based Karakalpak alphabet.
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94
1994
Almaty
Doctor of Philology
Defended his doctoral dissertation “The Sound System of the Modern Karakalpak Literary Language” at the Institute of Linguistics of the Academy of Sciences of Kazakhstan. In 1995 it was published in Nukus as a book.
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1995
Tashkent
Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Elected a full member of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan — the first academician in the field of Karakalpak linguistics.
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1996–2012
A school of students
Head of department again
Once again headed the Department of Karakalpak Linguistics — 27 years in total as a head of department. Chairman of the specialised dissertation council. Published “A History of Karakalpak Linguistics” (2001), “Foundations of Linguistics” (2007) and the two volumes “Syntax” (2009) and “Morphology” (2010).
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Áá
2011–2012
Spelling
Code of spelling rules
Co-author of the “Code of Karakalpak Spelling Rules” (Bilim, Nukus). In 2012 his colleagues and students published a jubilee collection of memoirs for his 70th birthday.
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2015
Memory
8 April 2015
Academician Abatbay Dauletov passed away, leaving more than 200 scholarly works, 53 textbooks and a school of students — over ten candidates and doctors of science and dozens of master’s graduates.
Tools of experimental phonetics
Methods mastered in Kyiv and Leningrad and applied to the Karakalpak language for the first time.
X-ray imaging
X-ray images of the position of the tongue, lips and larynx during articulation — an exact picture of how each vowel is produced.
Palatography
An imprint of tongue contact with the palate, distinguishing front and back consonants, including the variants of q/k and ǵ/g.
Spectrography
Spectral (formant) analysis of speech — an objective acoustic description of the quality of stressed vowels.
Oscillography
Recording of the sound wave: duration, intensity and fundamental frequency — the basis of his first article on vowel duration (1970).
Contribution to the study of the Karakalpak language
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Founder of experimental and instrumental phonetics in Karakalpakstan
The first to apply X-ray imaging, palatography, spectrography and oscillography to the Karakalpak language.
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9 vowel and 23 consonant phonemes
Proved that the modern Karakalpak literary language has exactly nine vowel and twenty-three consonant phonemes.
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Diphthongs “i”, “u”; variants of q/k, ǵ/g; voiceless “h”
Proved that the sounds written with the letters “i” and “u” are phonetic diphthongs (combinations of two phonemes); that q/k and ǵ/g are four variants of two phonemes; and that the pharyngeal “h” is a voiceless consonant.
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A unified theory of vowel harmony
In the monograph “Vowel Harmony in the Karakalpak Language” (1993) he showed that vowel harmony in the Turkic languages is the principal prosodic, word-forming law — comparable to stress in Indo-European languages or tone in tonal languages — governing both vowels and consonants throughout the word.
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Latin alphabet and spelling rules
One of the key architects of the Latin-based Karakalpak alphabet and spelling reform (from 1993); co-author of the “Code of Karakalpak Spelling Rules” (2011–2012). Author of more than 200 scholarly works, including 53 textbooks for schools, lyceums, colleges and universities.
Teaching legacy
More than 48 years of service to Berdakh Karakalpak State University. He trained over ten candidates and doctors of science and dozens of master’s students; today his students head departments and carry on research into Karakalpak phonetics.
| 1972–1978 | Deputy dean |
| 1978–1985 | Head of the Department of Karakalpak Linguistics |
| 1985–1996 | Dean of the Faculty of Foreign Languages; Dean of the Faculty of Philology |
| 1992–1996 | Head of the Department of General Linguistics |
| 1996–2012 | Head of the Department of Karakalpak Linguistics |
| — | Chairman of the specialised dissertation council |
Teachers and mentors
Khalkabad
School
- Elmurat Khojamuratov
- Embergen Erimbetov
- Khilal Muyatdinov
- Atabay Doshetov
- Genjebay Tileumuratov, folk bard
Nukus
Pedagogical Institute
- K. Berdimuratov
- A. Esemuratov
- D. Nasyrov
- S. Akhmetov
- Academician S. Kamalov
Kyiv, Leningrad
Phonetics laboratories
- N. I. Totskaya
- M. I. Matusevich
- L. R. Zinder
- L. V. Bondarko
- L. A. Verbitskaya
- Academician A. N. Kononov
- A. M. Shcherbak
- S. N. Ivanov